9th Circuit Court of Appeals

Opinions Filed in August 2015

Kaass Law v. Wells Fargo Bank

The plain language in 28 U.S.C. § 1927 does not authorize sanctions against a law firm.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Law

Andrade v. Lynch

Evidence of an asylum seeker’s non-gang related tattoos alone does not support a finding under the Convention Against Torture that the seeker is more likely than not to be tortured when removed to his home country.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Immigration

Eno v. Jewell

Under the Equal Access to Justice Act, any grant of permission from the United States government is a license, regardless of form, and does not qualify as an adversary adjudication allowing the recovery of attorneys’ fees and expenses.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Administrative Law

Acosta-Olivarria v. Lynch

To determine whether Briones applies retroactively to an applicant for adjustment of status under 8 U.S.C. § 1255(i), the Montgomery Ward five-factor balancing test must be applied on a case-by-case basis

Area(s) of Law:
  • Immigration

Bennett v. Bank Melli

Section 201(a) of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act and 28 U.S.C. §1610(g) allow victims of terrorist attacks to collect money owed to them from instrumentalities of the state that sponsored the attacks.

Carrillo v. County of Los Angeles

An officer is entitled to qualified immunity if he or she meets two requirements: (1) the facts that the plaintiff alleges show a violation of a constitutional right; and (2) that constitutional right was “clearly established” at the time of the challenged conduct.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Rights § 1983

Paeste v. Gov’t of Guam

Taxpayers of territories are citizens under 42 U.S.C. §1983 and have rights to damages.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Rights § 1983

In re: Musical Instruments

Horizontal agreements between competitors are generally violations of the Sherman Act per se, whereas vertical agreements, such as those between a manufacturer and retailer, are analyzed under the rule of reason, which considers the facts, history, and reasons for the agreement to determine its effect on the market.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Law

United States v. Christensen

The two-step process to determine if the crime-fraud exception applies to potentially privileged materials requires: (1) a factual basis adequate to support a good faith belief by a reasonable person that in camera review may reveal evidence to establish the claim that the crime-fraud exception applies, and (2) an in camera review to determine privilege, and if shown, whether the crime-fraud exception applies.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Evidence

United States v. Sanchez-Gomez

The adoption of a generalized policy of shackling defendants during pretrial appearances before judges must have adequate justification.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Criminal Law

Xcentric Ventures v. Borodkin

A finding of malicious prosecution includes proving an element, that the underlying claims were brought or continued without either factual or legal probable cause.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Law

Acevedo v. Lynch

The definition of “child” in the Immigration and Nationality Act § 1101(c)(1) does not include stepchildren, and Congress did not intend § 1101(b)’s definition to apply to derivative citizenship under 8 U.S.C. § 1431(a).

Area(s) of Law:
  • Immigration

Edwards v. First American Corp.

To qualify for adjudication as a nationwide class, the class must have numerosity, commonality, typicality and adequacy; furthermore, the common issues must predominate over the individual issues.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Procedure

ONRC Action v. U.S. Bureau of Reclamation

When water is transferred from one portion of that body of water to another, and the bodies are not meaningfully distinct from one another, no pollutants are deemed added, and a permit under the Clean Water Act is not required.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Environmental Law

Bridewell-Sledge v. Blue Cross of Cal.

Under the Class Action Fairness Act, when two cases are consolidated they are to be viewed as one under a jurisdiction analysis.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Procedure

City of Oakland v Lynch

Judicial Review under the Administrative Procedure Act is precluded when the government’s decision to file a forfeiture action is committed to agency discretion by law, and when allowing the suit to proceed would impermissibly disrupt the existing forfeiture framework.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Civil Procedure

Salazar-Gonzales v. Lynch

In effective assistance of counsel is likely when an attorney advises a client to pursue relief that the client is statutory ineligible for, resulting in a the client’s inability to appeal.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Immigration

United States v. Chadwell

A district court has the discretion to provide technology to the jury in order to view properly admitted video evidence in the jury deliberation room.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Criminal Law

United States v. Rivera-Constantino

The standard definition of a crime should be used for sentencing when legislative intent informs the court what the definition was meant to be.

Area(s) of Law:
  • Criminal Law

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